0415-git undo

To cancel a commit in Git, there are a few different ways depending on what exactly you want to cancel and whether the commit has been pushed or not.

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🔹 1. Cancel the last commit (but keep the changes)

If you just want to undo the commit, but keep the code changes:

git reset --soft HEAD~1

This moves HEAD one commit back, but preserves the changes in your working directory and staging area.

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🔹 2. Cancel the last commit and discard the changes

If you want to undo the commit and also remove all changes (i.e., make it like it never happened):

git reset --hard HEAD~1

⚠️ This is destructive—use with caution.

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🔹 3. Cancel a commit that's already pushed (safe way)

If the commit has already been pushed, you should not use reset, especially in shared branches. Instead, use a revert:

git revert <commit_hash>

This creates a new commit that undoes the changes made by the original one, which is safe for public branches.

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🔹 4. Cancel a specific older commit

To remove a specific commit (not the most recent), use interactive rebase:

git rebase -i HEAD~n

Where n is the number of commits you want to go back. Then, in the interactive menu, change pick to drop for the commit you want to remove.

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Let me know your exact scenario (e.g., has it been pushed? do you want to keep the changes?), and I can recommend the safest way.